Definitions
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The transfer problem All definitions
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A definition of "transfer problem" must be inferred. Goldstein and Ford (2002) use the term, but they do not define it explicitly.
They do define "transfer" as "the extent to which the trainee applies the knowledge and skills to the job and adapts or customizes what has been trained to meet the trainee's specific needs on the job" (Goldstein & Ford, 2002, p. 86). Therefore, a "problem" with transfer would mean that, for whatever reason, the knowledge and skills learned during training are not applied or adapted on the job as intended by the relevant stakeholders. Goldstein and Ford note Robinson & Robinson's (1995) contention that less than 30 percent of what is learned in training is used on the job. However, that circumstance (as worded) could be taken to mean that approximately 70 percent of what has been learned during training is not relevant on-the-job. Thus, that statistic would refer to a training design problem rather than a training transfer problem. Concepts related to "the transfer problem" are "positive transfer," negative transfer" and "zero transfer." Related term References Robinson, D. G., Robinson, J. C. (1995). Performance consulting: Moving beyond training. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler. Goldstein, I.L., Ford, J.K. (2002). Training in organizations (Fourth edition). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. Read a practice exam essay in response to the question:
"What are the major obstacles to the successful transfer of training from the learning environment to the workplace? What guidance does the available research provide for practitioners seeking to overcome these obstacles?" Exam essay practice answer |
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